United State:A broader church--更为宽容的教会
关键词： 教会,国家,churchChurch and state
教会与国家
A broader church
更为宽容的教会
Dec 7th 2006 | LAKE FOREST
From The Economist print edition
Why an evangelical preacher invited a Democrat to take an AIDS test
为什么一位福音派的教士会邀请一位民主党人来做艾滋病检测呢
Obama and new friend Warren
奥巴马和他的新朋友华理克
ON DECEMBER 1st Rick Warren was tested for HIV. He was not in doubt as to the result: as he told a crowd at the huge Saddleback Church in Lake Forest, California, where he is pastor, he has remained faithful to his wife for three decades. But he wanted to set an example at the start of the 2006 Global Summit on AIDS and the Church, at Saddleback. The hugely influential conservative author of “The Purpose-Driven Life”, a multimillion-selling tome, has embarked on a crusade against AIDS. It is bringing him, and other evangelicals, into unfamiliar political terrain.
12月1日，华理克(Rick Warren)做了HIV病毒检测。正如他告诉加利福尼亚州森林湖庞大的马鞍峰教会（他是那里的主管牧师）的信徒那样，他30年来对妻子忠心不二，因此他对结果毫无顾虑。但是，适逢2006年艾滋病与教会全球峰会在马鞍峰召开之际，华理克想起到表率作用。这位具有重大影响的保守人士，多达数百万册销量的《标竿人生》的作者，已经高举抗击艾滋病的旗帜。这样，渐渐把他和其他基督教福音派的信徒带到了一个陌生的政治领域。
Evangelicals have struggled with the subject of AIDS since the disease emerged. The judgment of Jerry Falwell, a fire-and-brimstone preacher, that “AIDS is the wrath of a just God against homosexuals” strikes many of them as too harsh. But the pattern of transmission of HIV seems to support their views about the dangers of sexual immorality. How to say that and not sound callous?
自艾滋病崭露苗头时，基督教福音派就同该疾病展开了斗争。杰里福尔韦尔(Jerry Falwell)，这位动不动就用地狱里的磨难来恫吓信徒的教士认定，“艾滋病是公正的上帝对同性恋者的报应”，这沉重的打击了许多同性恋者。但是，HIV病毒的传播方式看上去支持他们（译者注：指基督教福音派）关于不道德的性行为有危险的观点。如何表达这些观点，但又不显得冷酷无情呢？
Most preachers have mumbled something about loving sinners and hating sin, then changed the subject. By contrast, Mr Warren and his wife, Kay, revel in making their co-religionists uncomfortable. Mrs Warren has called on evangelicals to repent for their apathetic attitude to AIDS victims and, unlike Mr Falwell, stresses compassion. As she said last week, “There are consequences that can happen when you're sinful, but it's not a sin to be sick.”
大多数的教士总是咕哝那两句，恨犯罪，爱罪人，然后转移话题并不深究。但是，华理克和他的夫人凯，却乐此不疲的让同道中人难堪。华夫人呼吁基督教福音派人士应当悔悟对于艾滋病患者的漠然，同福尔韦尔相反，她强调应当同情他们。正如上周她说道：“当你充满罪恶时，恶果已经埋下种子，但是生病本身却不是罪恶。”
None of which turned out to be nearly as controversial as the presence at the Global Summit of Barack Obama. Mr Warren's invitation to the Democratic senator (who dutifully submitted to a mouth swab for HIV) brought a rebuke from conservative churchmen and commentators who object to his attitude to abortion. Mr Obama made a fine speech, in which he accepted that in many places the relationship between sexuality and spirituality “has broken down and needs to be repaired”, but concluded that “we are dealing with flesh and blood men and women and not abstractions”. Mr Warren shrugged off the conservative criticism.
没有什么比得上巴拉克奥巴马（Barack Obama）出现在全球峰会上那么值得争议了。华理克对这个民主党参议员（他主动提供了口腔拭子做HIV病毒检测）的邀请，引起了保守的教士和非教士（但主持宗教仪式）的谴责，他们反对参议员在堕胎问题上的态度。奥巴马做了一个华而不实的演讲，他承认在很多时候，灵与肉“已经分离，需要把他们弥合起来”，最后却总结到“我们面对的是血肉之躯而非抽象概念”。华理克对来自保守派的批评不屑一顾。
Other ministers, too, want to do more than rail against sin and are meeting similar opposition. Joel Hunter, president-elect of the conservative Christian Coalition, recently tried to broaden that outfit's appeal by stressing issues such as the environment and the minimum wage, normally associated with the Democratic Party. Two weeks ago he stepped down, citing differences of opinion with his board.
其他有些牧师除了谴责罪恶外，还想做更多的事情，同样，他们也面对着质疑。乔尔亨特，保守的基督教联盟的当选主席（还未就职），尝试着增强那身教袍的吸引力，强调那些诸如环保，最低工资，通常说来都是和民主党联系紧密的话题。两个星期前，他以与委员会意见相左为由辞职 。
Mr Hunter's parting shot—“I feel like there are literally millions of evangelical Christians that don't have a home right now”—helps to explain Mr Warren's interesting guest list. For many years, evangelicals have built a home with the Republican Party. The alliance has suited both sides. Conservative evangelicals have supplied votes, and received two conservative appointments to the Supreme Court in return. But the alliance has been based on a narrow spectrum of issues, such as opposition to abortion and gay marriage. Evangelicals care about many other things too. And they do not like coming across as doctrinaire and mean-spirited.
亨特离职时说了句泄愤的气话：“我觉得简直有上百万的福音派基督徒立刻无‘家’可归了。”，这到是帮助华先生解释他那有趣的客人名单。多少年来，福音派和共和党建立了一个“家”。这个联盟适合他们双方。保守的福音派提供选票，作为回报，在联邦高等法院里获得两位保守人士的任命。但是这个联盟建立在有限的共识之上，比如说反对堕胎和同性恋婚姻。福音派人士也关心其他许多问题。况且他们也不愿意留给人们的印象就是死板守旧和铁石心肠。
If evangelicals like Mr Warren are increasingly keen to refashion their relationship with the Republican Party, Republicans are also minded to keep their distance from conservative evangelicals. Even before the party was hammered at the polls on November 7th, some had warned that the party was too close to the religious right. If that defeat does not lead to a divorce from evangelicalism, it may at least spur frank marital discussion.
如果福音派人士像华理克一样，期待改变与共和党关系的热情日益高涨，共和党也会倾向于和保守的福音派保持距离。即使在11月7日共和党在选举中遭受重创之前（译者注：这里用hammer是讽刺共和党，因为其党旗的标志中有锤子。）一些人就警告说，该党与宗教右翼人士走的太近。就算选举失败不会导致共和党与福音教义的“离婚”，至少也会激发一场坦诚的“婚姻关系的讨论”。
译者注：作者把共和党同福音派之间的联盟关系比方成建立“家”，所以“离婚”和“婚姻关系”的讨论都是比喻。翻译 by shiyi18
教会与国家
A broader church
更为宽容的教会
Dec 7th 2006 | LAKE FOREST
From The Economist print edition
Why an evangelical preacher invited a Democrat to take an AIDS test
为什么一位福音派的教士会邀请一位民主党人来做艾滋病检测呢
Obama and new friend Warren
奥巴马和他的新朋友华理克
ON DECEMBER 1st Rick Warren was tested for HIV. He was not in doubt as to the result: as he told a crowd at the huge Saddleback Church in Lake Forest, California, where he is pastor, he has remained faithful to his wife for three decades. But he wanted to set an example at the start of the 2006 Global Summit on AIDS and the Church, at Saddleback. The hugely influential conservative author of “The Purpose-Driven Life”, a multimillion-selling tome, has embarked on a crusade against AIDS. It is bringing him, and other evangelicals, into unfamiliar political terrain.
12月1日，华理克(Rick Warren)做了HIV病毒检测。正如他告诉加利福尼亚州森林湖庞大的马鞍峰教会（他是那里的主管牧师）的信徒那样，他30年来对妻子忠心不二，因此他对结果毫无顾虑。但是，适逢2006年艾滋病与教会全球峰会在马鞍峰召开之际，华理克想起到表率作用。这位具有重大影响的保守人士，多达数百万册销量的《标竿人生》的作者，已经高举抗击艾滋病的旗帜。这样，渐渐把他和其他基督教福音派的信徒带到了一个陌生的政治领域。
Evangelicals have struggled with the subject of AIDS since the disease emerged. The judgment of Jerry Falwell, a fire-and-brimstone preacher, that “AIDS is the wrath of a just God against homosexuals” strikes many of them as too harsh. But the pattern of transmission of HIV seems to support their views about the dangers of sexual immorality. How to say that and not sound callous?
自艾滋病崭露苗头时，基督教福音派就同该疾病展开了斗争。杰里福尔韦尔(Jerry Falwell)，这位动不动就用地狱里的磨难来恫吓信徒的教士认定，“艾滋病是公正的上帝对同性恋者的报应”，这沉重的打击了许多同性恋者。但是，HIV病毒的传播方式看上去支持他们（译者注：指基督教福音派）关于不道德的性行为有危险的观点。如何表达这些观点，但又不显得冷酷无情呢？
Most preachers have mumbled something about loving sinners and hating sin, then changed the subject. By contrast, Mr Warren and his wife, Kay, revel in making their co-religionists uncomfortable. Mrs Warren has called on evangelicals to repent for their apathetic attitude to AIDS victims and, unlike Mr Falwell, stresses compassion. As she said last week, “There are consequences that can happen when you're sinful, but it's not a sin to be sick.”
大多数的教士总是咕哝那两句，恨犯罪，爱罪人，然后转移话题并不深究。但是，华理克和他的夫人凯，却乐此不疲的让同道中人难堪。华夫人呼吁基督教福音派人士应当悔悟对于艾滋病患者的漠然，同福尔韦尔相反，她强调应当同情他们。正如上周她说道：“当你充满罪恶时，恶果已经埋下种子，但是生病本身却不是罪恶。”
None of which turned out to be nearly as controversial as the presence at the Global Summit of Barack Obama. Mr Warren's invitation to the Democratic senator (who dutifully submitted to a mouth swab for HIV) brought a rebuke from conservative churchmen and commentators who object to his attitude to abortion. Mr Obama made a fine speech, in which he accepted that in many places the relationship between sexuality and spirituality “has broken down and needs to be repaired”, but concluded that “we are dealing with flesh and blood men and women and not abstractions”. Mr Warren shrugged off the conservative criticism.
没有什么比得上巴拉克奥巴马（Barack Obama）出现在全球峰会上那么值得争议了。华理克对这个民主党参议员（他主动提供了口腔拭子做HIV病毒检测）的邀请，引起了保守的教士和非教士（但主持宗教仪式）的谴责，他们反对参议员在堕胎问题上的态度。奥巴马做了一个华而不实的演讲，他承认在很多时候，灵与肉“已经分离，需要把他们弥合起来”，最后却总结到“我们面对的是血肉之躯而非抽象概念”。华理克对来自保守派的批评不屑一顾。
Other ministers, too, want to do more than rail against sin and are meeting similar opposition. Joel Hunter, president-elect of the conservative Christian Coalition, recently tried to broaden that outfit's appeal by stressing issues such as the environment and the minimum wage, normally associated with the Democratic Party. Two weeks ago he stepped down, citing differences of opinion with his board.
其他有些牧师除了谴责罪恶外，还想做更多的事情，同样，他们也面对着质疑。乔尔亨特，保守的基督教联盟的当选主席（还未就职），尝试着增强那身教袍的吸引力，强调那些诸如环保，最低工资，通常说来都是和民主党联系紧密的话题。两个星期前，他以与委员会意见相左为由辞职 。
Mr Hunter's parting shot—“I feel like there are literally millions of evangelical Christians that don't have a home right now”—helps to explain Mr Warren's interesting guest list. For many years, evangelicals have built a home with the Republican Party. The alliance has suited both sides. Conservative evangelicals have supplied votes, and received two conservative appointments to the Supreme Court in return. But the alliance has been based on a narrow spectrum of issues, such as opposition to abortion and gay marriage. Evangelicals care about many other things too. And they do not like coming across as doctrinaire and mean-spirited.
亨特离职时说了句泄愤的气话：“我觉得简直有上百万的福音派基督徒立刻无‘家’可归了。”，这到是帮助华先生解释他那有趣的客人名单。多少年来，福音派和共和党建立了一个“家”。这个联盟适合他们双方。保守的福音派提供选票，作为回报，在联邦高等法院里获得两位保守人士的任命。但是这个联盟建立在有限的共识之上，比如说反对堕胎和同性恋婚姻。福音派人士也关心其他许多问题。况且他们也不愿意留给人们的印象就是死板守旧和铁石心肠。
If evangelicals like Mr Warren are increasingly keen to refashion their relationship with the Republican Party, Republicans are also minded to keep their distance from conservative evangelicals. Even before the party was hammered at the polls on November 7th, some had warned that the party was too close to the religious right. If that defeat does not lead to a divorce from evangelicalism, it may at least spur frank marital discussion.
如果福音派人士像华理克一样，期待改变与共和党关系的热情日益高涨，共和党也会倾向于和保守的福音派保持距离。即使在11月7日共和党在选举中遭受重创之前（译者注：这里用hammer是讽刺共和党，因为其党旗的标志中有锤子。）一些人就警告说，该党与宗教右翼人士走的太近。就算选举失败不会导致共和党与福音教义的“离婚”，至少也会激发一场坦诚的“婚姻关系的讨论”。
译者注：作者把共和党同福音派之间的联盟关系比方成建立“家”，所以“离婚”和“婚姻关系”的讨论都是比喻。翻译 by shiyi18
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